Takeaway
Migraine with aura (MwA) and migraine without aura (MwoA) are not totally distinct syndromes and most likely sit on a spectrum but may have differing underlying neural substrates.
Why this matters
Migraines are categorized as MwoA and MwA by The International Classification of Headache Disorders, Third Edition (ICHD-III); MwA is further divided into typical aura with migraine headache (AWM) and typical aura with non-migraine headache (AWNM).
The relationships between these migraine subtypes and their predominant brain regions is unclear but identifying these relationships may allow for more targeted clinical treatments.